STOS.FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions Regarding STOS BASIC

Deano: Silly Software
....ooOoo....


Voted best ATARI programming language ST Format 1995

Contents.....
  1. What is STOS
  2. Is there a STOS Mailing List
  3. Where do I get hold of STOS
  4. What is STOS like to program
  5. What extras are available to compliment it
  6. What level of programming can be achieved
  7. What HELP or reading matter is available
  8. Does STOS work under Emulation on a PC
  9. Can STOS be used with GEM
  10. WHAT else
  11. LISTS..
  12. The STOSSER WWW page


Q.: What is STOS BASIC
Written by Francois Lionet and Constantin Sotiropoulos Published by Mandarin/Europress Software, Although no longer supported by either,

STOS is the forerunner to the Amiga version, AMOS, AMOS Pro etc.. and more recently Klick and Play on the PC,

Mark Montreuil came up with this defenition ......

STOS (for ST Operating System) is a programming language based on BASIC ( Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code ),that makes creating sound,graphics and movement on the Atari 16/32 bit line of computers as painless as possible. STOS has commands that handle input /output, animation, music logic and program execution in an easy to understand way.A STOS programmer can spend more time on actual game design than on the fiddly bits.

Many things that were not considered possible,such as changing screen resolutions in the middle of a program or writing Arcade-type games in a BASIC language, are a reality with STOS. Hundreds of quality games, demos,utilities and educational packages have already been written in STOS.

STOS is a full-featured software development tool. Using STOS, art screens created in specialised paint packages,like Degas,Neo or Crack Art, can be easily used to create basic game graphics.STOS has built- in Sprite, Music,Map, Font and Sound effects generators.You can write some code,and,at a keypress,call up any of the added utilities(called accessories) to work on added features. You can even write your own accessories, to use at any time. Machine-code routines can be called from within STOS, and new commands (called extensions),can be written to enhance STOS's functionality.Some extensions that are currently available include 3D, the Missing Link and Misty (see Extensions list for further information).

All in all, STOS is the perfect tool to bring your game ideas to reality without having to trudge through realms of machine code!

Thanks for that Mark,but it must be added that with the advent of such extensions as Extra by Martin Cubitt plus some of the more obscure commands that can be found in other extensions STOS can no longer be tagged as just a Game Creator, serious programs are now beginning to appear, APPLications are now a reality with a little bit of assembler added, there is now very little or nothing that STOS cannot achieve,


(2) Q.:Where do I get hold of it

The simple truth is that STOS BASIC and the Compiler are both Commercial products and can not be freely copied, The rights to sell STOS are owned by Europress, I personaly contacted them who replied that

No one here would be able to find the time 
    or Interest in anything regarding STOS BASIC
The actual Copyright owners are the three Authors of STOS BASIC, Constantin Sotiropoulos, Francois Lionet and I beleive Jawx, Without there permission STOS can not be freely copied, Look for advertisements in Internet newsgroups, ask for it yourself or try to get the coverdisk version.
Q.: What is it like to program

Easy is what most people will tell you,but that is relative, there are aspects of STOS that make programming far easier than that of another language,for instance LOCATE 10,10 : PRINT STOS will print the word STOS at collumn 10 line 10 on your screen, I would hate to think how many lines of code this would take in C or assembler, yet the outcome is exactly the same,
But STOS is NOT as simple as all that if you are going to try and make a fully fledged platformer of a high quality, easy if you want a slow flip screen jerky and unresponsive game, but quality will take a lot of time and effort and programming skills not readily available from your manual,

Billy Allen of Top Notch software, Author of the Misty and Missing Link extensions can be quoted as saying,

The next time you see a badly written STOS game,don't say STOS is awful, say this programmer is awful.

STOS uses line numbers,in my opinion there is nothing wrong with this, but it is the old way of programming people tend to frown on this system,but at the end of the day its the easiest to get to grips with and it does the job, and thats what counts,


Q.: What extras are available to compliment it ?
There are many extras, most can be regarded as upgrades,some as programming aids and some that are there to do jobs that STOS cannot handle alone,
Most of these files can now be found at the STOS FILE Site., packed with Extensions,Source and all manner of helpfull STOS files,
EXTENSIONS: These are extra commands for STOS,once you place the file into your STOS folder the commands are there ready for use, this is exactly how Mandarin would have upgraded STOS if they where still supporting it,but these extensions are made by enthusiasts and as such have a better understanding of what the STOS programmer needs,there is a list of available extensions in this file, there is something for everyone in there,

ACB, Accessories that are loaded along with STOS and stay in memory ready for your use,these are normally programming aids as opposed to something that is used in your program, for example there is a picture compactor, an art package and many many more.

M/C , These are machine code programs,simply load into a bank and using the various AREG DREG etc you pass variables to the programs and run them using CALL,usually quite small and usually used for speed, but also for convenience, for example there is an M/C program for displaying spectrum pictures with 512 colours on an STFM, A m/c list can be found in this document,


Q.: What level of programming can be achieved

Can commercial quality games be made?, Yes is the resounding answer, H.E.R.O. (now freeware) was released around the end of 1994 as commercial,ST Format gave an early release demo of it away on a cover disk, then they did a 2 page review and gave it 85%, then after discovering the program was written in STOS BASIC,the following issue of ST Format issue 65 December 94 had this gem in the News section,

IDS have also revealed that HERO was completely written and compiled in STOS,The announcement has blown rather a large hole in the myth that STOS is too basic and slow to be used in any serious form to write games.

There are many other examples of STOS in the commercial world, not least the FUN SCHOOL series that was not only written in STOS but not even compiled, these packages ( of which there were many ) are still regarded as the top educational software for the ST,

A Shareware educational program called MAGIC STORY BOOK was featured on the Rolf Harris childrens tv show, some years ago admittedly, but the program was deemed to be so good that ST Format have recently re- released it on their March 1995 coverdisk, you may be interested to note that a total of six STOS written programs where given away that month via magazine cover disk,

Every public domain catalouge you pick up will contain a very high amount of STOS coded programs, from public domain to licenceware,


Q.: What HELP or reading matter is available

The game makers manual by Stephen Hill was a good production but out of print now,there is also the beginners guide to STOS,available from public domain libraries complete with source disks,unfortunately these either deal with pure STOS (without extensions) or are too old to include them, However the game makers manual is most usefull as the only publication that deals with extension writing and was almost definitly used as a reference guide for the Misty, Missing link, Extra and many other well known extensions,

There have been STOS diskmagazines in the past,Most can be downloaded from the STOS FILE Site.

In back issues of ST Format you will find the STOS answers section that had been going for years,but since stopped, alledgedly due to lack of interest, people such as Asa Burrows and Billy Allen have held the post of problem solver for this section , the latest and last person to hold the post was Frank Charlton, Unfortunatly Frank will have the pleasure of being the last of this breed due to the sad demse of ST Format magazine,

There is a STOS mailing list if you are on line, a simple e-mail will add your address to the list, the advantages are the ability to swap and compare notes with STOS users from all over the world within an instance, at present the mailing list is probably the fastest way to solve your STOS problems and answer any STOS queries, see address section in this FAQ,


What else ?

*** Miscellaneous ***

STOS ADVENTURE CREATOR and the more recent STOS GRAPHIC ADVENTURE CREATOR are two programs from Deano of Silly Software that coupled with STOS basic will allow you to easily make adventure games to do with as you please, see your local pdl for details,

There have also been shoot'em up construction kits and all manners of add on packages that need STOS basic and are designed to help you easily make programs, however you are advised to make the programs yourself,

You can actually change the STOS commands by editing files within the STOS folder,a full tutorial and editor routine appeared in the one off STOS GIGAZINE by Black Eagle,


*** STOS Release history by Andrei Ellman ***
*** Updated by Constantin Sotiropoulos***
If your version of STOS is below 2.6,You must update it immediately, especially the compiler.You will then be able to make programs that run on TOS 1.62
STOS 2.7 From the STOS File Site would also be highly reccomended, Compiler 2.7 Makes programs that use the STOS tracker extension compile.

STOS under Emulation

Yes STOS can run on a PC under emulation, Various have been tried with different results, By far the best results can be achieved using PaCifiST from http://www.pacifist.fatal-design.com/,This emulator is freeware, small and easy to set up, STOS BASIC, runs directly from your PC Hard Drive, However the Compiler shows best results from a PaCifiST disk image, This is easy to set up once you have installed the emulator.

Gemulator now runs STOS with just as pleasing results and will run in a window or full screen under directX, Gemulator is commercial and can be found at http://www.emulators.com , However if you don't mind not having sound then you can get a demo version from the same site that runs STOS just as well.

To run STOS BASIC in all its glory with the latest extensions then you will need the latest STOS, By this I mean the actual PRG that runs your STOS, these can be found from the home page of the programmer responsible for keeping STOS up to date, Anthony Jacques is the man and his files are at http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/jacquesa/




STOS and GEM

The simple answer is NO you can not use STOS and GEM together, some brave attempts have been made to mix the two, perhaps the best but allways doomed to failure attempt was by Paul Jones , His efforts can be found through the STOS file site.

Indeed he did manage to access GEM from his Falcon and there are screen shots to prove it, However there is no fully working extension that will allow a STOS BASIC programmer to access GEM and produce a compiled and fully working program that calls and uses GEM.




STOS and its authors,
Information From Martin Cubitt
Additions from Constantin Sotiropoulos

Heres a few interesting facts about the men behind STOS BASIC,

  1. Constantin Sotiropoulos is the originator of STOS BASIC and was joined in the programming of the language by Francois Lionet some 2 months into the project
  2. The name of Stos was proposed by Frederic Pinlet who was one of the members of JAWX's team.
  3. The Jawx team was composed by Frederic Pinlet, Jacques Fleurance, Francois Lionet and Constantin Sotiropoulos.
  4. The name of STOS is comming from ST Operating System.
  5. The first version of STOS included a complete DOS-like operating system, a Forth,a 68000 Assembler and BPL a Batch programming language.
    The idea was to eventualy create 2 more Languages for AMIGA and PC. AMOS for AMIGA Operating System and PCOS for PC Operating System.
  6. After the STOS has been released by Mandarin Software (EuroPress),Constantin Sotiropoulos started a new job on an UNIX system, concerning Software protections.
  7. Constantin Sotiropoulos currently has his own company (Rolling Press) ont he IBM PC platforms
  8. Constantin Sotiropoulos stopped programming on the ATARI around 1989-90
  9. Francois is a qualified veterinary surgeon.
  10. He married Carine.
  11. His first computer was a Superboard II from Ohio Scientific, in 1981.
  12. He wrote two games for Firebird software: Chicken Chase (Oric, CPC & C64) and Ole (CPC). He also wrote three commercial Oric games and a musical puzzle for the C64.
  13. He wrote the Captain Blood conversions for the CPC and C64, in about one month.
  14. Francois can program almost any computer.
  15. He converted Around the World in 80 Days to the Atari ST using STOS. The French publisher, FIL, went bust on the day he completed it
  16. STOS took 18 months to write using Kuma's K-Seka.
  17. The compiler took three months to write using DevPacII.Extension hand-ling was the most difficult part to program.
  18. Francois programs listening to loud music through his headphones . He built a flashing light to tell him when the phone rings
  19. STOS was first released in France in the Spring of 1988. It was not an immediate success
  20. Mandarin bought the rights to STOS and a few bits and bobs were changed.
  21. Francois wrote the Orbit game in two days.Zoltar was more of a challenge,taking a whole week
  22. The worst bug in STOS was the way in which it handled new extensions.
  23. The hardest part was writing the sprite trap.
  24. Francois, being French, has to do military service (ha ha). He takes his computers with him.
  25. Francois' heroes are Jes (Starglider) San,Bill(Sinbad)Williams, Jeff (everything with Llama's and Yaks) Minter and the Captain Blood team.
  26. Skateball from Ubisoft was originally written in STOS and then converted to the CPC, Spectrum, C64, PC and Nintendo.
  27. Bullet Train is on sale in France at around the 20 mark (two or three years ago) under the title Expressing with faster scrolling and improved graphics.


Address

STOS.FAQ and anything STOS related,
Silly Software, Deano,
27 Turbary Walk, Milnrow, Rochdale Lancashire
England, OL16 4JN
Email deano@zetnet.co.uk
irc: channel#atari (deano)

Numerous STOS Extensions
Anthony Jacques
jacquesa@zetnet.co.uk
Also Falcon Extension, STOS shell and many other STOS Extensions and STOS projects, visit: www.users.zetnet.co.uk/jacquesa/

STOS Mailing list houghp6@cs.man.ac.uk Phil Hough

STOS FILE Site.
Everything a STOS Programmer would need, on Line,


The STOS Mailing List

There is a very healthy STOS mailing list that boasts a large membership including many extension writers and well known STOS authors from around the world, There are people on the list who used to use STOS and know enough to offer advice and help as well as tips and tricks.

The STOS Mailing list is currently the quickest way to solve any of your STOS related problems or queries, Simply post a message and within hours other STOS user from around the world will be answering, commenting and joining in whatever subject you have brought to the forum, NEW STOS users are especialy welcome as most people on the list take great pleasure in passing on whatever they have learnt over the years.

As the STOS list also consists of a lot of Extension developers and even people who are actively upgrading STOS itself, then this is the place to find out everything first, even when something has been released you will find out here at least a month before the off line community has a chance of knowing,

To Join the STOS Mailing list you simply email the current list keeper who at this time is Phil Hough and his email is houghp6@cs.man.ac.uk Just ask him in any for you like...but be polite, to add you to the STOS mailing list,

By joining the STOS mailing list you will not be overwhelmed with hundreds of emails a day, even at its busiest it probably only generates a dozen a day... mostly it can be that amount a week,But the advantages of being on the list are all set out above, any STOS user with Internet access should email houghp6@cs.man.ac.uk and get on this list immediatly






FAQ Contributors
Many thanks to the Following people....
  1. Andrei Ellman,
    For starting the STOS release History list

  2. Constantin Sotiropoulos
    The original Author of STOS and his suprising information added to History and Facts sections

  3. Tony Greenwood
    The Founder of Stosser Software and Stosser Diskmag. A famous figure in Atari History.

  4. Mark Montreuil
    For his Description of STOS BASIC

  5. Martin_Cubitt@sinbad.prestel.co.uk Martin Cubitt
    For Collating the Information regarding the STOS Authors

  6. jacquesa@zetnet.co.uk Anthony Jacques
    For his Release History input, for his helping me get this rejuvinated FAQ underway and for too many bits of input to mention

  7. heuno000@goofy.zdv.Uni-Mainz.d Oliver Heun
    For his section on Sampled sound in STOS

  8. y.paschalidis@student.canberra.edu.au Yiannis Paschalidis
    For his section on MODs in STOS

  9. Members of the STOS Mailing List
    For there constant Input, Ideas and enthusiasm for this FAQ

  10. The Phantom Phansoft@aol.com
    For Information about Playing MOD files in STOS


ACB's
All the files needed and mentioned in this section should be available from the STOS FILE Site.

  • COMPACT...........Used in conjunction with the compact extension for packing pictures,

  • COMPACT2..........The original COMPACT but with added picture formats,

  • COMPILER..........Used in conjunction with the compiler extension for compiling your STOS basic files to make a PRG,

  • ERROR BASE........To quickly check what error you have just encountered, faster than looking it up in the manual as thats in alphabetical order and not numeric, yet STOS gives you a number, strange?,

  • PAINT2............An excellent art package, saves you having to exit STOS to do some last minute changes, but its a rather large ACB

  • MOUSCOLO..........Will load a picture or grab from a bank and when you move the mouse over the picture it will give you the exact co- ordinates and also the colour of the pixel under the mouse hotspot, not only the colour but the colour value as well,

  • DISPLAY...........Lets you load and read a doc file ( packed or unpacked ) very handy for extension manuals,

  • LINK..............On line help for the missing link commands,

  • SPRITE............Fully functional sprite editor, stood the test of time, never been bettered and never will,

  • SPRITE 2..........For medium resolution sprites,

  • FONTY.............Load view and install various fonts into STOS Basic or the compiler,

  • WHATMBK...........All those lost mbk files you find on disk can now be recognised with this handy utility,

  • STOSDRAW..........Another capable art package that can be used from within STOS Basic,

  • ASCII.............Shows the available characters from within your current font,


There are other ACB's and there are other versions of these, for example there are many DISPLAYER ACB's, these I would say are the most useful, it really depends on what you are working on at the time, if you have enough memory then you should have most of the above loaded, half meg users are better not loading any, just ACCLOAD each one as you need it, because they stay in memory its not a good idea with a 520,




Graphics for STOS
The Following are Picture and Graphic files currently being supported by STOS BASIC, some files are loaded with the help of various extensions, and some are loaded using a machine code program from within a STOS memory bank,
All the files needed and mentioned in this section should be available from the STOS FILE Site.
GraphicLOADSAVEHOW
PI1LOADSAVESTOS BASIC
PI2 LOAD SAVE STOS BASIC
PI3 LOAD SAVE STOS BASIC
NEO LOAD SAVE STOS BASIC
MBK LOAD SAVE STOS BASIC
PAC LOAD SAVE STOS BASIC
PC1 LOAD NO MISSSING LINK Ext
PC2 LOAD NO GBP Ext
PC3 LOAD NO GBP Ext
IMG LOAD NO EXTRACT Ext
TNY LOAD NO EXTRA Ext
TN1 LOAD NO EXTRA Ext
TN2 LOAD NO EXTRA Ext
TN3 LOAD NO EXTRA Ext
IFF (16 Colour Uncomprs') LOAD NO EXTRA Ext
IFF (16 Colour Uncomprs') NO SAVE STOS BASIC
GIF (16 Colour 87a) LOAD NO GIF.PRG
CA1 (Crack Art LowRez) LOAD SAVE CONTROL Ext
BIG (Uses all 4 borders) LOAD SAVE OVERSCAN.PRG
PCS (Photochrome) LOAD NO PCS.PRG
SPU (Spectrum Uncompres') LOAD NO SPECSHOW.PRG
TGA (Targa True Colour) LOAD ? STOS FALCON Ext
BMP (Windows BitMap 256) LOAD ? FALCON Ext
SEQ (Cyber Animations) LOAD NO CYBER Ext
VID (T.V. Video Files) LOAD NO VIDI Ext
FLI (256 Clr Anims) LOAD NO STOS FALCON Ext
FLC (256 Clr Anims) LOAD NO STOS FALCON Ext

You can manualy load and display Video files such as: VID,FLM,IFF,IVF

There exists STOS BASIC routines that will show you how to load, View and manipulate such files, A disk of routines by Matthew Hunter (Available from FloppyShop pdl in the STOS Section) has all the code you would need to for the above files,




Extensions
ExtensionDescription
STOS 3D
Commercial
Mandarin/Europress
12.99 ( November 1995 )
As the title suggests it is a tool for 3D programming from within STOS Basic,Although released some time ago,you will find little or no examples of this extensions capabilites, the simple truth being that no one uses it, it is not very good,
BLITTER
PD
Authors unknown, but available from pdls
Utilising the STE Blitter chip,there are larger STE extensions that include Blitter commands along with other STE specific stuff.
CODETEXT
PD
Unknown Author/s
ASCII lister,unsure as to what use this extension would be,but I have included it here because it exists
COMPACT
Part of STOS Basic package
Mandarin
Picture compactor,comes with an ACB but also has commands for very fast packing and unpacking of screens that can be used from within your programs
COMPILER
Part of STOS Basic package
Mandarin
Compiler,without this you can't compile your basic programs,a must for every STOS user,needs Compact ACB,
CONTROL
SHAREWARE
L.J.Greenhalgh, any pdl
5.00 UKP
Many varied commands including new map/sprite, although these dont seem to beas fast as the Missing Link equivalent there are however many good points to this extension,switch construction routines,extensive port handling commands,border removal and many many more, including a very handy file existing command, recommended
CYBER
PD
Andy Cato, any pdl
For viewing Cyber.seq files,a once thought of impossible task you can now play Cyber.seq files and even accompanying music
EXTRA
PD
Martin Cubitt
Many varied commands,mainly serious types,this extensions comes as highly recommended,some graphical commands,cookie jar stuff,disk formatting,lots of disk info commands and a neat pixel perfect screen copy command, something for everyone in here
EXTRACT
PD
GUNTER FELDMANN
Will extract and show PC? and IMG files,of course you will need to be in high resolution to view the IMG files,this does work in the interpreter but I never tested the compiled version, from Germany but with reasonably well translated docs
FRS
PD
Ben Riley, STOSSER Diskzine
Varied, Interpreter only, no one made the compiler extension and are not likely to,couple of nice commands,but pretty useless if you cannot compile, it exists so its on the list
GBP
SHAREWARE
GBP Software, all pdls
5.00UKP
Varied, with many some ste commands,most commands found here have already been used in Extra and Control,but there is without doubt some interesting stuff in here, definatly worth a look
ICBIS
Unknown
Richard Hunt,
Unknown price
Seems to be a complete sprite engine replacement and the documentation is impressive
JAGPAD
Anthony Jacques
PD
As the title suggests, this extension allows you to access the JAGPAD and let you code it into your games, STe needed to use a Jagpad in the side ports
JOYSTICK
Found on commercial game disk Cartoon Capers
Utilise both ports,one of the original extensions, this one came on a commercially released STOS game called Cartoon Capers, pretty useless if you have any of the above extensions that include joystick commands
MAESTRO
Commercial
Mandarin
12.99 UKP (November 1995)
SAMpled sound player,as suggested this is the extension for playing sampled sounds, simply has every command you need, simple as that,
MODEM
Postcardware
Anthony Jacques
Some Modem commands for easy access to dialing, connecting and of course hanging up
MIDI
For MIDI input, you need the MIDI equipment to get anything out of this extension,
MISTY
SHAREWARE
Top Notch Software, Goodmans int
5.00 UKP
Demo orientated but something for everyone,this is the first of two biggies from Top Notch software, this extension went a long way to bringing STOS some credibility in the programming world the Misty Demo has still not been beaten in STOS,but its not all for demo coders and there are some excellent commands for everyone in there,very highly recommended,
MISSING LINK
SHAREWARE
Top Notch Software, Goodmans int
15.00 UKP
Games orientated but something for everyone, This is THE big one, this extension has brought STOS bang up to date, no matter what you are doing with STOS you must have this extension, its got everything, but for making games it is unsurpassable, get it NOW!
NO BORDER 2.1
PD
Orbital Software ( allegedly )
Removes top and bottom borders,does as it says but can be a bit tempremental, has since been done in the Control extension,
PAUSE
PD
Anthony Jacques
Allows you to use more than one disk to load STOS, Very usefull for floppy disk set ups if you have lots of extensions and ACBs,
QUICK
SHAREWARE ( Possibly NOT Supported )
Dattrax Software, STOSSER Diskzine
5.00 UKP
Various commands, quite a few very nice commands in this one,also one of the nicest installation programs,has a nasty bug though, once you have used it,it is then impossible to access the disk, for loading or whatever,( thats on a tos 1.2 ?? ) until a cold boot has been performed, no permanent damage is caused and the extension can be used so long as you dont want the disk,
RASTER
For Rasters,not much more one can say, pretty self explanitory,
SQUASH
Hmmm came with STOS I think ?
Packing banks,screens and others,another original, but its not 100% safe for the banks, its also a little slow, for packing screens you should keep to the compact acb that uses the Compact ext,
STARS
PD
Lee Upcraft, any pdl
/.....A Bargain!
Starfield creator,this is an excellent extension, its only feature is the making of starfields,if you want a starfield in STOS then use this and nothing else,
STE
PD
P.Yates for Mandarin
For ste sound SAMpling commands,
STEEXT
SHAREWARE ( Unsupported )
Asa Burrows, any pdl
10.00 UKP but dont bother,
Some more STE specific,By Asa Burrows probably one of the most well known STE extensions, deals with extended colours, light gun, DAC, hardware scrolling, the registration isn't supported so the manual is not available, but later issues of STOSSER diskzine 20+ have extensive tutorials by one of the original beta testers,for programming STOS on the STE then this and the said tutorials are a must, STESTOSTERONE the STE specific STOS diskzine is heighly reccomended for this and any other ste extension,
Ninja Tracker
PD
L.J.Greenhalgh, any pdl
Play mods on the STE AT UP TO 21khz and still have some proc'time, an excellent extension, plays any four channel protracker mod, and chip music
TRACKER
any pdl
Play ABK files (Mods converted),comes with a whole array of files and three extensions,one for each speed of 7,10,14khz, there is a routine to convert MODS into ABK's ready for use with the extensions, some quality is lost in the process, 10khz is the recommended speed and still leaves enough processor time for a 32x32 scroller or a couple of sprites,
TOME21
COMMERCIAL
Shadow software
But who cares,
Map making extension, a bigger flop than STOS 3D, even the demo to show the extension at its best was a joke, keep away ( commercial ), not a patch on the Missing Link map commands,
USEFUL
PD

/
Bits of stuff, but hard to see how they named it useful,
VIDI
PD
Rombo Productions
/
For use with VIDI-ST package,so haven't been able to try it out, only a couple of commands in it,
FALCON
Anthony Jacques, any pdl
USAGE The first extension aimed specifically at STOS on the Falcon, with some impressive commands that will enable you to sample via the DSP along with other impresive sound commands, pixel perfect sprite detection, and even a true colour sprite engine,


Machine Code programs
  • 3D......Allows you to run 3d files from within STOS without the use of an extension, faster but less commands,

  • ABK_PLAY...Lets you play ABK files without the use of an extension, believed to be a better quality and leaves slightly more processor time,

  • BARREL......takes a once plain screen from source and displays it on source screen in shape of a barrel, used many times on STOSSER menus, is one of the extension commands in the forthcoming Eagle extension,

  • BEAMS.....Full coloured beams from edge to edge flash across the screen, bit limited use,

  • CYBER...allows you to show cyber sequence files in stos, since made into an extension,

  • FORMAT...simple disk formatting prg with built in error trap,

  • MED_COLOUR..adds extra colours to medium resolution,cannot comment,

  • NO BORDER......The program that prompted the no border extension,

  • PCS....A program that allows you to load and display PCS picture files, these are 256 colour files created with Photochrome,

  • RASTER*6.....For making rasters? there are about six different programs all producing various effects, suggest you stick with the missing link,

  • RAINBOW....Cycle extra colours

  • RESET.......places current screen into reset vector as soon as reset button is pressed, this means the current screen stays permanent even on reset, needs a cold boot to totally get rid, very handy???

  • SPEAKTEXT...Getting old now but a handy little program, simply send a string$ to a variable, call the prg and it speaks the string,

  • SPECTRUM.......For displaying spectrum pictures with 512 colours,

  • STOPAS.....Commands for playing sampled sound, will also allow recording if you have STEREO REPLAY,

  • STFM MOD PLAYER......plays mod files at 16khz on a fm, no processor time left though,

  • OVERSCAN......Displays pictures in 100% overscan, ( stretches the picture to all four borders ) only available when registering for MISTY extension,

  • STOSPLAY Q...for playing quartet files, exceptional program that allows plenty of configuring, even the output!

  • STOS_GIF.....Allows you to laod and display GIF pictures from within STOS, even larger than 320*200 in size, possibly only 16 colours though?

  • SPU_PI1......Lets you load and convert SPECTRUM uncompressed pictures into PI1 and does a very good conversion,




SOUND In STOS
The Following are Sound files and types currently being supported by STOS BASIC, some files are loaded with the help of various extensions, and some are loaded using a machine code program from within a STOS memory bank,
All the files needed and mentioned in this section should be available from the STOS FILE Site.




SAMPLED SOUND

Principially, there exist only 3 formats of Samples, Signed, Unsigned and IFF. No matter what they are called ( AVR, WAV, SPL, SAM ) they usually fit into one of these categories ...

The Unsigned and the IFF-format is just a binary file consisting of all the values of the sample. Unsigned is an originate copy, IFF is more or less an inverse copy of it. If you own the ProTracker or something similar, it's easy to find out what format the samples are ...

The Signed format has a file-header and also -probably- some data stored within the sample, for example finishing marks etc ...

It would be a little too far out to describe all possible signed-formats, for example AVR has also a file header where an extended name of the sample can be stored etc, so i will just describe how to play what sample in STOS. <>p>
STOS Maestro
------------

The original sample-replay-routines for STOS from Francis Lionet himself plays samples from 5 to 22 KHz called SAM, the sample utility itself can even work with up to 32 KHz, of course only mono since only the ST soundchip is used.

STOS Maestro has originally been sold with the sampler-hardware but could also be obtained without. The basic extension offers simple commands to replay samples as RAW-data, that means unsigned binary, but also extended commands, that could replay samples back and forth ( and the other way round ), repeating all over, slower, faster etc.

Another possibility is to create a memory bank (mbk) in a special signed format, that enabled STOS to play a specific sample out of this bank without knowing what specific memory-address it is stored at, for example samplay 7 played the 7th sample in the bank, where samples could differ in speed and length.

Playing Samples with 5 KHz sounded lousy, but needed very little CPU-time. 22KHz sounded pretty good, took up huge amounts of memory and slowed down the system enourmosly.

A typical sign of the STOS Maestro being used is that the sample slowed down when the mouse is moved ...

STE-Extension(s)
----------------

The original STE extension and some others, STE-related extensions, offered DMA replay, costing absolutely no CPU time.

The samples have to be in RAW, that means unsigned, format because all the DMA sound does is simply take the values and play them without the possibilty to work with marks or other format-commands.

Replay can be done from 6 over 12 and 25 up to 50 KHz in Mono as well as Stereo. The sample can be played once or continuosly.

Since the DMA-sound doesn't need any CPU-time the system is not blocked in any way, which means, keyboard, mouse, joystick and also Floppy- and Harddisk stay completely available.

Falcon-Extension
----------------

Similarly to the STE, the Falcon also offers DMA-stereo-sound. The Falcon can play 16bit Stereo-samples in RAW format up to 50KHz in various speeds ( except for 6 KHz, so any 6KHz DMA sound on the STE won't work directly on the Falcon, because the Falcon "emulates" the STE DMA sound ), but of course also in mono.

The systems stays completely intact.

The Missing Link
----------------

Since STOS Maestro doesn't offer a very good replay routine, too much CPU time is used and the mouse slows down the samples, the Missing Link offers an own replay-command, called the digiplay command.

Digiplay replays RAW (signed) samples from memory once or continuosly in various speeds, needing less CPU-time than the Maestro command does. The missing link also offers explicit commands how to play the samples without explicit knowledge of their speed or their address.

Digiplay therefore could be seen as a replacement for maestro's replay- commands but not for the Maestro record-commands.

It is very much faster indeed and the mouse interrupt stays intact, at least when playing lower frequency samples like for example 12 KHz, which provides an alright quality.

Digiplay only needs the Yamaha Soundchip of the ST.

Other Extensions
----------------

There are some other extensions that may offer STE-DMA-Replay commands, but mostly they work like the ones described under STE-Extensions, since those commands normally only set a few registers and initiate replay and therefore are rather easy to code. Besides the Missing Link i do not know any extensions offering Sample-replay on an ordinary ST, but you may of course correct me if i'm wrong ... ;-)

CHIP

These files have several advantages, they are small, and can be packed to even smaller with an average size of 5k, yet the tunes are varied with many different sounds and last quite a long time before looping,Some have more than one tune in the same file, some have sound effects you can use for games, CHIP plays in the background and will not slow your program down, they can be used WITH sampled sound if you use the STe extensions,

Chip music was all the rage in the day of the demo..Unfortunatly now a lot of people frown and immediatly turn to the volume OFF when chip music is detected, personally I think it is because they have heard so much over the years, and certainly not because of lack of quality,

The best way to play CHIP is to use TML..That is the Missing Link Extension, this has MUSAUTO and MUSPLAY commands and is all you really need,
However some dont have TML or dont want it, you can play CHIP in basic,



Supported chip music formats are

  • 01. Mad Max
  • 02. Megatizer
  • 03. Count Zero
  • 04. Synth Dream
  • 05. Lap #1
  • 06. Lap #2
  • 07. Big Alec #1
  • 08. Big Alec #2
  • 09. Lary
  • 10. TAO (chip #1)
  • 11. TAO (chip #2)
  • 12. TAO (digidrum)
  • 13. Lap (1 scanline)
  • 14. Titan
  • 15. LTK
  • 16. Ninja Turtle
  • 17. Nexus
  • 18. Zound Dragger

To play these in STOS BASIC with no extensions, Bload the tune into a memory bank, for example if the music file is 5000k then

reserve as work 15,5000
bload music.mus,15

Its always a good idea to clean a bank using FILL before loading anything into it, but not strictly neccasary

Now to get it ready for playing,

dreg (0)=1 :rem Number of the Tune
call start(15):rem the bank holding the music

It is now ready to start playing with the following command

loke $4d2,start(15)+8 :rem 8 is for MAD MAX Tunes

To stop the music at any time, use loke $4d2,0

The offsets are 8=Mad Max,Undead,ZOUND D,Old Lap
6=Count Zero, Look through back issues of STOSSER Diskzine for more offsets and information


MODS

The Following Information has been written by Yiannis Paschalidis, The second part written by The Phantom

Tracker modules

Tracker modules (or mods) are files that contain a song and sound samples of various instruments that are used to play the song. The samples usually take up more space than the song pattern. The files can get quite large if there are lots of samples contained in the file. I've seen sizes ranging from 2Kb up to 900Kb!

The music is usually 4 channel, and is played by mixing the sound samples together in real time which can take up a lot of CPU time. Different pitches are achieved by slightly altering the speed at which the sampled sound is played back.

There are a lot of different mod creators out there (noisetracker, protracker, screamtracker,etc...), but you are usually safe when assuming a file ending in ".mod" can be played from STOS using a modplayer extension.

The sound quality you get and the CPU time required depends on the method you use to play back the mod, however they will sound better than chip music.

Playing mods from within STOS
----------------------------

The STOS tracker extension/ABK player (ST/STe)
----------------------------------------------

On the ST, you don't have much of a choice unfortunately. There is only the STOS Tracker extension. There are three STOS and Compiler extensions. Each extension has a different playback frequency.

  • 7Khz - The playback is not of high quality but more CPU time is
    left. This should be used for animation sequences etc.

  • 14Khz - The playback is of better quality, but practically all of the CPU time is used up. This should be used for static titles.

  • 10Khz - This is a good compromise between the above two.

This is only the general rule. Don't forget that when you compile your program, it WILL run faster, but the Tracker will still use about the same amount of processor time.

Some speed tests showed that approximately half the CPU time is used for the 7KHz extension, and almost all CPU time is used with the 14Khz extension. This means that you can't really use the tracker extension to provide background music in action games. Part of the reason for the lack of speed is that not only does the tracker have to mix the samples for the music, it then has to use the yamaha soundchip to play the resultant sample.

Unfortunately, using this extension, you need to convert modfiles before you can play them and extension also kills the ACIA interrupt. This means that you can't read the keyboard mouse or joystick(s).STOS's sprite interrupts are left intact. The tracker extension does, however, provide a function to read the keyboard. If your computer has DMA sound (STe / Falcon, etc..) then you can play sound samples using DMA while tracker music is playing.

The STOS-Tracker package includes the three STOS & Compiler extensions, a utility to convert NOISE TRACKER (Amiga or ST) modules to STOS-Tracker format and a couple of demonstration programs.

Ninja tracker extension: (STe/TT/Falcon)
----------------------------------------

Similar to the STOS tracker extension, but it uses the DMA sound system to play the mixed-sample rather than the soundchip, which speeds things up significantly! It has the advantage of being able to play modfiles without conversion (although it does need 20Kb after the modfile data as a workspace). It also disables ACIA interrupts. The Ninja tracker extension lets you play back mods at up to 21Khz. Unlike STOS tracker, the playback frequency is set with one of the extension's commands instead of having to mess around with separate extensions.

As with the Tracker extension, better playback quality chews up more CPU time. You can use the soundchip while a mod is playing to play sound samples.

The Ninja tracker package includes the interpreter and compiler versions of the extension (the compiler version being *significantly* smaller than the interpreter version!) and a demonstration program.

Falcon tracker extension (Falcon)
-----------------------------------
NOTE:
It's not an extension... but I've got the sourcecode if anybody wants wrap it up into an extension - perhaps include it in the Falcon extension? It needs a bit of changing, as I had included modules & samples as part of the program so I could just call the program with the number of the sample/mod I wanted to play. I'll post the sourcecode to anyone who wants it. It's 6k zipped.

This uses Bitmaster's DSP modplayer for playback of mods. The playback is 50KHz and since it uses the DSP for mixing the samples and the Falcon DMA for output, it uses virtually no CPU time. It also lets you play samples using the DMA, but the music is temporarily shut off while the sample plays. You can, however, play samples with the music in the same way as with the Ninja extension. The playback routine is cleaner than the others, and doesn't affect any of STOS's interrupts.


The Following Information from The Phantom

These sound files are better in sound quality than chip music files but take up more CPU time. MOD files can be quite large but can be packed down to a lot smaller size.

MODS are now one of the, if not the, best music replay formats avalible for the Atari series of Computers they can sound good and don't make people turn down the volume or turn the music off stright away ( And they sound great from 25 watt speakers attached to the STE outputs with full bass and volume! :) )

They have the added advantage of not having to be converted unlike ABK files and the sound quality is better with more CPU time left.

Depending on what computer you have will depend on witch replay method used.

You can get some mods form the STOS File Site


All Ataris

With any computer you can use two replay methods both of which are MC programs. The first is a MC program whic appeared on STOSSER 17 which used all the time availble but the MODS sounded great. The other method is a MC program which came with a Missing Link disk from Goodmans PDL with this MC program you had to assemble the MC program you self but you just had to change the the name of the inculed MOD file.


STE and Falcons

With and STE or greater you can use the Ninja Tracker Extension which lets you replay at either 5, 8.5 ,12 ,14 ,16 or 21 KHz on ANY STE+ with a DMA sound system. Depending on the quailty of the play back that you want will determine how fast you have the replay and how much CPU time you have left. You can still play samples using vaious replay commands but I'm as yet to test a DMA sample with it running.

 


Falcons Only

With the Falcon there are two main ways of replaying MODS. The first is with a MC program witch replays @ 50 KHz using the DSP sound system and use virtually no CPU time. The other is a command in Anthony's Falcon Extension which I have no info about as I don't have a Falcon :(









STOS Web Pages
The Following are STOS Related web pages, or at least web pages run and owned by STOS users, the criteria for inclusion in this list is to have at least one mention of STOS on your page, To be added to this list then please mail me Deano with url and short description, Thank you

  1. Anthony Jacques
    Home of the STOS Mailing list, More STOS extensions are developed here than anywhere else,Including Falcon extensions and many other STOS related Items

  2. The PJCO homepage
    This homepage contains information on the GEMMA project for STOS, an extension which will allow GEM in STOS. There is some source code to bringing up a GEM alertbox and how to capture the commandline in STOS.

  3. The Phantom Soft Home Page.
    The Phantom Soft Home Page. Home to the STOS file site and other STOS programs produced by The Phantom

  4. Yiannis Paschalidis
    It'll contain the peek poke etc list and methods you can use to optimise your code, and I don't just mean replacing the built-in STOS graphics commands with ones from extensions.

  5. Phil Young
    Phils interests in Atari and STOS. Some of his stuff to download. Information on using simple assembly to speed up STOS.

  6. STOS
    A Nice intro to STOS...Giving an insight to what it is, some screen shots, nicely set out,

  7. Silly Software
    Home of many STOS written programs, Including Adventure creator kits as reffered to in this FAQ