# Technical Reports & Publications

### Technical Reports

#### Recommendations · Proposed Recommendations · Working Drafts · Notes · Submissions

### Publications

#### W3C Member Newsletter · W3C Member NewsWire · Ordering W3C Publications · Contributor Release Form

## Technical Reports

Specifications developed within W3C must be formally approved by the Membership. Consensus is reached after a specification has proceeded through the review stages of Working Draft, Proposed Recommendation, and Recommendation.

As new issues arise from Members, resources are reallocated to new areas to ensure that W3C remains focused on topics most critical to the Web's interoperability and growth.

### Recommendations

The following W3C Recommendations have been issued; signifying that the specifications are stable, contribute to Web interoperability, and are supported for industry-wide adoption by the W3C Membership.

Document Object Model (DOM) Level 1
  1 October 1998, Vidur Apparao, Steve Byrne, Mike Champion, Scott Isaacs, Ian Jacobs, Arnaud Le Hors, Gavin Nicol, Jonathan Robie, Robert Sutor, Chris Wilson, Lauren Wood
Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) 1.0 Specification
  15 June 1998, Philipp Hoschka
PICS Signed Labels (DSig) 1.0 Specification
  27 May 1998, Yang-Hua Chu, Philip DesAutels, Brian LaMacchia, Peter Lipp
Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 (CSS2) Specification
  12 May 1998, Bert Bos, Håkon Wium Lie, Chris Lilley, Ian Jacobs
Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) 1.0 Specification
  07 April 1998, Patrick Ion, Robert Miner, Stephen Buswell, Stan Devitt, Angel Diaz, Nico Poppelier, Bruce Smith, Neil Soiffer, Robert Sutor, Stephen Watt
Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 Specification
  10 February 1998, Tim Bray, Jean Paoli, C. M. Sperberg-McQueen
PICSRules 1.1 Specification
  29 December 1997, Christopher Evans, Clive D.W. Feather, Alex Hopmann, Martin Presler-Marshall, Paul Resnick
HTML 4.0 Specification
  18 December 1997, revised 24 April 1998. Dave Raggett, Arnaud Le Hors, Ian Jacobs
HTML 3.2 Reference Specification
  11 January 1997, Dave Raggett
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) Level 1 Specification
  17 December 1996, Håkon W. Lie and Bert Bos
Platform for Internet Content Selection (PICS) 1.1 Specifications
  PICS 1.1 Rating Services and Rating Systems -- and Their Machine Readable Descriptions
    31 October 1996, Jim Miller, Paul Resnick and David Singer
  PICS 1.1 Label Distribution -- Label Syntax and Communication Protocols
    31 October 1996, Tim Krauskopf, Jim Miller, Paul Resnick and Win Treese
PNG (Portable Network Graphics) Specification
  1 October 1996, various authors

### Proposed Recommendations

WebCGM Profile
  07 December 1998, David Cruikshank, John Gebhardt, Lofton Henderson, Roy Platon, Dieter Weidenbrueck
Namespaces in XML
  11 November 1998, Tim Bray, Dave Hollander, Andrew Layman

### Working Drafts

The following Working Drafts have been submitted for review by W3C Members and other interested parties. These are draft documents and may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use W3C working drafts as reference material or to cite them as other than "work in progress".

Ruby
  21 December 1998, Marcin Sawicki
Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL)
  16 December 1998, James Clark, Stephen Deach
Reformulating HTML in XML
  05 December 1998, Dave Raggett, Frank Boumphrey, Murray Altheim, Ted Wugofski
WAI Authoring Tool Guidelines
  12 November 1998, Jutta Treviranus, Jan Richards, Nancy Sicchia, Ian Jacobs
WAI User Agent Guidelines
  12 November 1998, Jon Gunderson, Ian Jacobs
Platform for Privacy Preferences (P3P1.0) Specification
  09 November 1998, Massimo Marchiori, Joseph Reagle, Dan Jaye
Resource Description Framework (RDF) Schemas
  30 October 1998, Dan Brickley, R.V. Guha, Andrew Layman
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) Requirements
  29 October 1998, Jon Ferraiolo
Resource Description Framework (RDF) Model and Syntax Specification
  08 October 1998, Ora Lassila, Ralph R. Swick
Associating stylesheets with XML documents
  01 October 1998, James Clark
WAI Accessibility Guidelines: Page Authoring
  18 September 1998, Gregg Vanderheiden, Wendy Chisholm, Ian Jacobs
Namespaces in XML
  16 September 1998, Tim Bray, Dave Hollander, Andrew Layman
A P3P Preference Exchange Language (APPEL)
  14 August 1998, Marc Langheinrich
SMUX Protocol Specification
  10 July 1998, Jim Gettys, Henrik Frystyk Nielsen
HTTP-ng Web Interfaces
  10 July 1998, Dan Larner
HTTP-ng Binary Wire Protocol
  10 July 1998, Bill Janssen
HTTP-ng Architectural Model
  10 July 1998, Bill Janssen, Henrik Frystyk Nielsen, Mike Spreitzer
Requirements for String Identity Matching and String Indexing
  10 July 1998, Martin J. Dürst
XSL Requirements Summary
  11 May 1998, Norman Walsh
Short- and Long-Term Goals for the HTTP-NG Project
  27 March 1998, Michael Spreitzer, Henrik Frystyk Nielsen
XML Linking Language (XLink)
  3 March 1998, Eve Maler, Steve DeRose
XML Pointer Language (XPointer)
  3 March 1998, Eve Maler, Steve DeRose
PEP Specification: an Extension Mechanism for HTTP
  21 November 1997, Henrik Frystyk Nielsen, Dan Connolly, Rohit Khare, Eric Prud'hommeaux
P3P Architecture Working Group: General Overview of the P3P Architecture
  22 October 1997, Joseph Reagle, Martin Presler-Martin, Melissa Dunn, Philip DesAutels, Lorrie Cranor, Mark Ackerman
P3P Vocabulary Working Group: Grammatical Model and Data Design Model
  14 October 1997, Mark Ackerman, Lorrie Cranor, Philip DesAutels, Melissa Dunn, Joseph Reagle, Upendra Shardanand
Positioning HTML Elements with Cascading Style Sheets
  19 August 1997, Robert Stevahn, Scott Furman, Scott Isaacs
Web Fonts
  21 July 1997, Brad Chase, Chuck Rowe, Chris Lilley, David Meltzer, Glen Rippel, Håkon Lie, Randy Polen, Robert Stevahn, Steve Zilles
Aural Cascading Style Sheets (ACSS) Specification
  30 June 1997, Chris Lilley, T.V. Raman
CSS Printing Extensions
  26 June 1997, Hakon Wium Lie, Robert Stevahn, Stephen Waters
Digital Signature Label Architecture
  10 January 1997, Rohit Khare
Selecting Payment Mechanisms Over HTTP
  06 January 1997, Don Eastlake, Rohit Khare, Jim Miller

### Notes

The Consortium may make available on the Web information, ideas or commentary from W3C staff, Members, or the general public. Such information may be released, at the discretion of the W3C Director, as a NOTE.

List of suggested extensions to CSS
  10 December 1998, Bert Bos
DrawML Specification
  03 December 1998, Håkan Lothigius
Composite Capability/Preference Profiles (CC/PP): A user side framework for content negotiation
  30 November 1998, Franklin Reynolds, Johan Hjelm, Spencer Dawkins, Sandeep Singhal
XML Fragment Interchange Requirements, Version 1.0
  23 November 1998, Paul Grosso
Simple Tree Transformation Sheets 3 (STTS3)
  11 November 1998, Daniel Glazman
The Platform for Privacy Preferences
  06 November 1998, Lorrie Faith Cranor, Joseph Reagle
WAP Forum - W3C Cooperation White Paper
  30 October 1998, Johan Hjelm, Bruce Martin, Peter King
The Information and Content Exchange (ICE) Protocol
  26 October 1998, Neil Webber, Conleth O'Connel, Bruce Hunt, Rick Levine, Laird Popkin, Gord Larose
HTML Components
  23 October 1998, Chris Wilson
Extensible Forms Description Language (XFDL) 4.0
  02 September 1998, John Boyer, Tim Bray, Maureen Gordon
Schema for Object-oriented XML
  30 September 1998, Matt Fuchs, Murray Maloney, Alex Milowski
Timed Interactive Multimedia Extensions for HTML (HTML+TIME)
  18 September 1998, Patrick Schmitz, Jin Yu, Peter Santangeli
Using XSL and CSS together
  11 September 1998, Håkon Lie, Bert Bos
XML-QL: A Query Language for XML
  19 August 1998, Alin Deutsch, Mary Fernandez, Daniela Florescu, Alon Levy, Dan Suciu
Document Content Description for XML (DCD)
  10 August 1998, Tim Bray, Charles Frankston, Ashok Malhotra
A Discussion of the Relationship Between RDF-Schema and UML
  04 August 1998, Walter W. Chang
P3P Guiding Principles
  21 July 1998, Lorrie Faith Cranor
Displaying SMIL Basic Layout with a CSS2 Rendering engine
  20 July 1998, Philipp Hoschka, Chris Lilley
Design of HTTP-ng Testbed
  10 July 1998, Daniel Veillard
Action Sheets: A Modular Way of Defining Behavior for XML and HTML
  19 June 1998, Vidur Apparao, Brendan Eich, Ramanathan Guha, Nisheeth Ranjan
Signed Document Markup Language (SDML)
  19 June 1998, Jeff Kravitz
Hyper Graphics Markup Language (HGML)
  19 June 1998, Mike Evans, Steven Furnell, Andy Phippen, Paul Reynolds, Neil Lilly, John Hammac
Statement on the Intent and Use of PICS: Using PICS Well
  1 June 1998, Joseph Reagle, Daniel J. Weitzner
Vector Markup Language (VML)
  13 May 1998, Brian Mathews, Daniel Lee, Brian Dister, John Bowler, Howard Cooperstein, Ajay Jindal, Tuan Nguyen, Peter Wu, Troy Sandal
WebBroker: Distributed Object Communication on the Web
  11 May 1998, John Tigue, Jon Lavinder
XML in HTML Meeting Report
  11 May 1998, Dan Connolly, Lauren Wood
Precision Graphics Markup Language (PGML)
  10 April 1998, Nabeel Al-Shamma, Robert Ayers, Richard Cohn, Jon Ferraiolo, Martin Newell, Roger K. de Bry, Kevin McCluskey, Jerry Evans
Associating stylesheets with XML documents
  5 April 1998, James Clark
Web Schematics on the World Wide Web
  31 March 1998, David Duce, Bob Hopgood
P3P Protocol and Data Transport Working Group Draft White Paper
  24 March 1998, Philip DesAutels, Steve Lucas, Joseph Reagle
Primary Language in HTML
  13 March 1998, M.T. Carrasco Benitez
XML Linking Language (XLink) Design Principles
  3 March 1998, Eve Maler, Steve DeRose
Web Architecture: Extensible Languages
  10 Februray 1998, Tim Berners-Lee, Dan Connolly
Compact HTML for Small Information Appliances
  09 February 1998, Tomihisa Kamada
Voice Browsers
  28 January 1998, Dave Raggett, Or Ben-Nattan
Name Spaces in XML
  19 January 1998, Tim Bray, Dave Hollander, Andrew Layman
XML Data
  05 January 1998, Andrew Layman, Edward Jung, Eve Maler, Henry S. Thompson, Jean Paoli, John Tigue, Norbert H. Mikula, Steve De Rose
HTML Threading: Conventions for use of HTML in email
  05 January 1998, Eric Berman, Pete Resnick, Nick Shelness
Client-Specific Web Services by Using User Agent Attributes
  30 December 1997, Tomihisa Kamada, Tomohiko Miyazaki
Introduction to RDF Metadata
  13 November 1997, Ora Lassila
W3C Data Formats
  29 October 1997, Tim Berners-Lee
Amaya Testbed Environments: the Java and ILU versions of Amaya
  28 October 1997, Daniel Veillard
PICS Extension for HTTP Cookies
  23 October 1997, Daniel Jaye
Simple Tree Transformation Sheets 2
  17 October 1997, Daniel Glazman
Internet Privacy Working Group Privacy Practices for the Web
  17 October 1997, Internet Privacy Working Group
Designing a Social Protocol: Lessons Learned from the Platform for Privacy Preferences
  02 October 1997, Lorrie Faith Cranor, Joseph Reagle Jr.
Web Interface Definition Language (WIDL)
  22 September 1997, Phillip Merrick, Charles Allen
Date and Time Formats
  15 September 1997, Misha Wolf, Charles Wicksteed
A Proposal for XSL
  27 August 1997, Sharon Adler, Anders Berglund, James Clark, Istvan Cseri, Paul Grosso, Jonathan Marsh, Gavin Nicol, Jean Paoli,
  David Schach, Henry S. Thompson, Chris Wilson
Generic Diff Format Specification
  21 August 1997, Arthur van Hoff, Jonathan Payne
The HTTP Distribution and Replication Protocol
  21 August 1997, Arthur van Hoff, Jonathan Payne, Mark Hapner, Steve Carter, Milo Medin
CSS: Potential Enhancements
  19 August 1997, Mike Wexler
The Open Software Description Format (OSD)
  13 August 1997, Arthur van Hoff, Hadi Partovi, Tom Thai
W3C Activities Related to the "Global Information Networks" Ministerial Conference Meeting in Bonn, Germany
  11 July 1997, Sally Khudairi, Josef Dietl
W3C Activities Related to the US "Framework for Global Electronic Commerce"
  06 July 1997, Joseph Reagle
Meta Content Framework using XML
  24 June 1997, R. V. Guha, Tim Bray
Network Performance Effects of HTTP/1.1, CSS1, and PNG
  24 June 1997, Henrik Frystyk Nielsen, Jim Gettys, Anselm Baird-Smith, Eric Prud'hommeaux, Håkon W. Lie, Chris Lilley
Use of CGM as a Scalable Graphics Format
  18 June 1997, Roy Platon and Chris Lilley
Navigation through LINK elements in HTML
  15 June 1997, Daniel Glazman
Privacy and Profiling on the Web
  02 June 1997, Melissa Dunn, James Gwertzman, Andrew Layman, Hadi Partovi
Proposal for an Open Profiling Standard
  02 June 1997, Pat Hensley, Max Metral, Upendra Shardanand, Donna Converse, Mike Myers
Implementation of OPS Over HTTP
  02 June 1997, Pat Hensley, Max Metral, Upendra Shardanand, Donna Converse, Mike Myers
Standard Practices for OPS Systems
  02 June 1997, Pat Hensley, Max Metral, Upendra Shardanand, Donna Converse, Mike Myers
White Paper: Joint Electronic Payment Initiative
  19 May 1997, Eui-Suk Chung and Daniel Dardailler
Proposal for a Handheld Device Markup Language
  09 May 1997, Tim Hyland
Handheld Device Markup Language Specification
  09 May 1997, Peter King, Tim Hyland
PICS-NG Metadata Model and Label Syntax
  14 May 1997, Ora Lassila
HTML DTD with support for Style Sheets
  21 April 1997, Dave Raggett
Channel Definition Format (CDF)
  10 March 1997, Castedo Ellerman
Web Collections using XML
  07 March 1997, Alex Hopmann, Scott Berkun, George Hatoun, Yaron Goland, Thomas Reardon, Lauren Antonoff, Eric Berman
An Introduction to Amaya
  20 February 1997, Vincent Quint and Irène Vatton
HTTP-based Distributed Content Editing Scenarios
  13 December 1996, Ora Lassila
Imagemapped Images and Image-Incapable User Agents
  26 November 1996, Ian Graham
Resource Description Messages (RDM)
  24 July 1996, Darren Hardy
Frame-based layout via Style Sheets
  8 June 1996, Bert Bos, David Raggett and Håkon W. Lie
Jigsaw: An Object Oriented Server
  7 June 1996, Anselm Baird-Smith
Jigsaw performance evaluation
  7 June 1996, Anselm Baird-Smith
HTML predefined icon-like symbols
  4 June 1996, Bert Bos
A Proposed Convention for Embedding Metadata in HTML
  2 June 1996, Reported by Stuart Weibel
The ILU Requester: Object Services in HTTP Servers
  7 March 1996, Paul Everitt
HTML Dialects: Internet Medial and SGML Document Types
  6 March 1996, Dan Connolly
Session Identification URI
  21 February 1996, Phillip M. Hallam-Baker, Dan Connolly
Notification for Proxy Caches
  21 February 1996, Phillip M. Hallam-Baker
Extended Log File Format
  21 February 1996, Phillip M. Hallam-Baker, Brian Behlendorf
A Lexical Analyzer for HTML and Basic SGML
  8 February 1996, Dan Connolly
Micro Payment Transfer Protocol (MPTP)
  22 November 1995, Phillip M. Hallam-Baker
Giving Information About Other Resources in HTML
  20 November 1995, Tim Berners-Lee, David Raggett
Proposals for Gathering Consumer Demographics
  06 November 1995, Dan Connolly
"Character Set" Considered Harmful
  02 May 1995, Dan Connolly

## Submissions to W3C

All acknowledged submissions to W3C by Consortium Member organizations are available to the public for review.

Note that "Submission" does not imply any endorsement by Consortium staff, Members, or host institutes.

Please review the statement of intellectual property which accompanies each Submission as there is no implication of any openness or release of proprietary rights in any submitted technology.

## Publications

### W3C Member Newsletter

Members-only monthly newsletter containing updates on W3C activities; announcements for meetings, workshops, and conferences; calendar of events; and Team information. The Newsletter is published on the third Friday of each month.

### W3C Member NewsWire

The W3C NewsWire, issued each Friday, provides Members weekly updates of Consortium activities and alerts of upcoming events. In addition, the NewsWire offers highlights of Consortium developments which are covered in-depth in the Newsletter.

### W3J - World Wide Web Journal

The World Wide Web Journal, published quarterly by O'Reilly & Associates from 1995 through Winter 1998, was the official journal of the W3C. Please contact O'Reilly & Associates for information regarding availability of back issues.

#### How to Order W3C Publications

#### Release Form for contributions to W3C Technical Reports and Specifications

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